Fortresses of the Turkmen Tekke Tribe in the 18th-19th centuries

The focus of this study is the Teke fortresses from 18th-19th centuries in Turkmenistan, which have not been extensively studied Turkmen science. Previous work on topic has limited to technical descriptions historical objects by archaeologists. researchers attempt fill gap, using materials latest archaeological research and sources present a general picture issue its significance tribe. An integrated approach, including analysis selection documents comparison archaeological, source study, ethnographic material, used as methodological approach. reveals structural changes layout bastions, where Akhal region citadels surrounded an inner wall, while feature prominent Merv region. names fortifications are divided into different groups, with some named after geographical toponyms, others clans tribes living them, many their owners, specifically heads tribes, becomes period. Overall, provides valuable insights centuries, shedding light naming conventions. approach research, combines various methods, offers comprehensive informative perspective topic.